Knowledge base

Thermal evaporation is the most straightforward physical vapour deposition (PVD) technique, in terms of both mechanism and system configuration. The method is suitable for depositing a range of materials, primarily metals. …

Like all evaporative physical vapour deposition (PVD) methods, electron-beam evaporation (also known as e-beam evaporation) involves heating a material under vacuum conditions (typically in the 10-7 mbar region, or lower). This in-turn releases a vapour that moves up through a process chamber and coats a substrate at the top….